Island



2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

(No Model.)

M. G. PARMER.

ELEGTRIG LAMP.

Patented Jan. 17, 1 8 82.

-Wd5nesses:

@wbmgm/m N. PETERS. Phulo-Lilhngnphcr. Walhingion. u. c.

2 shee ts sheet 2.

Patented Jan. 17,1882.

M. G. PARMER;

ELEGTRIG LAMP.

( ModeL) Y Inventor:

Witnesses: 6. 9Q

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UN TED STATES PATENT Orrrcn.

MOSES G. FARMER, OF TNEVVPORT, RHODE, ISLAND.

ELECTRIC'LAMP.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 252,364, dated January 17, 1882.

Application filed May 26, 1881. (No model.) I

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, MosEs G. FARMER, of Newport, in the county of Newport and State of Rhode Island,have invented a new and useful Improvement in Electric Lamps, of which the following, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a specification.

My invention relates to the construction of the lamp-stand, and the method of attaching the lamp thereto, and has for its object rendering the lamp capable of being readily removed i'rom the stand for repairs without extin'guishing or otherwise interfering with other lamps in the same circuit, and as readily replaced; and it consists, first, in a lamp-support made in two parts, arranged to be united or coupled together by a smooth stem or shank upon one part entering a correspondingly smooth socket formed for the purpose in the other part, one of said parts being permanentl y secured to thelamp-globe, and provided with wires leading from the opposite ends of the carbon within the globe, each terminating at its other end in a fixed annular metallic coupling-surface, insulated from the couplingsurface attached to the other wire, and the other part being providedwith two sets of metallic spring or yielding couplings insulated from each other, and adapted to make a positive contact with the fixed couplingsurfaces on the other part of the lamp support when the lamp is placed in position, said springcouplings being connected respectively with the battery and with the main line directly or indirectly, as will be more fully described.

Figure l ofthe drawings is an elevation of an electric lamp with my improvements applied thereto. Fig. 2 is an inverted plan of thesame. Fig. 3 is aninverted plau,illustrating the manner of applying the electro-magnet and armature. Fig. 4is avertical section on line 00 so on Fig. 2. Fig. 5 is a similar section on line y 3 on Fig. 2. Figs. 6 and 7 are horizontal sections on lineso oandz zrespect ively and Fig. 8 is a partial vertical section corresponding to Fig. 4, drawn to an enlarged scale.

A is the glass globe containing the carbon to and the wires b and I), each connected at one end to the carbon to, and extending downward therefrom through the neck of the inner portion of the globeshank, the glass of which is hermetically sealed around them, said wires beinginsulated from each other by the glass, which completely surrounds each of them. The globe-shank A is firmly secured in the socket B, made of wood, hard rubber, or other suitable insulating material, and. having its lower portion reduced in diameter to form the shoulder 0. The wire b extends through the material of the socket B in an oblique direction, and has its lower end soldered or otherwise madefastt'othe metallic ringd,surronndingand firmly scoured to the periphery of the reduced portion ofsaid socket, and the wire 11 extends downward through the material of the socket B in a vertical, or nearly vertical, direction, and is secured to the metallic pin 6, set in the center of the lower end of the socket B, and projecting downward therefrom, as shown in Figs. 4, 5, and S.

(J is the main stand or section of the lampsupport, provided with a broad base, 0, in the under side of which is formed a circular recess, G and provided with-a cylindrical opening extending from said recess to the upper end of the stand 0, thecentral portion of which openingisfilled with the tubular plug D, driven tightly into said opening, and secured therein in such a position as to leave a recess at the upper end of the stand 0 to receive the shank or stem of the socket B, as shown in Figs. 4, 5, and S.

To the upper end of the tubular plug D are secured'four metallic leaf-springs,f,f, g, and g, fitted to grooves formed in the exterior of said plug at about equal distances from each other, the springs f and f being located directly opposite to each other, and extending upward nearly to the top of the stand C, while the s ll'lll s and r are also arran ed 0) 0- 4 l g J site to each other, and about equidistant between the springs f and f, and are bent inward over the top of the plug D and downward into thehole It made through the plug D, in a position to press against the sides of the pin 0 when the socket B is placed in position in the stand 0. The springsfand f are so shaped and arranged as to insure contact between them and the metallig ring (I when the socket Bis in position on the stand 0, and said springs are connected by the wires 1' and 11 to the stem or shank of the screw-cup E, within the recess 0 as shown in Figs. 2 and 4. The springs g and g are in like manner connected by the wires) and j to the metallic bracketic, secured to the under side of the stand 0, within the recess 0 as shown in Figs. 2 and 5.

F is a leaf-spring secured by one end to the wall of the recess G and connected by the wire lto the lower end of the shank of the screwcup G, the opposite end of said spring pressing hard against the pendent portion of the bracket 7., as shown.

H is a switch-button, the shank of which passes through the base 0 into the recess 0 and has secured thereto the switch-plate or lever m, one end of which is held in contact with the pin a by the torsion of the spring 0, coiled around the shank of the switch-button H. The shank ofthe button H has its bearing in a metallic socket, p, which is connected by means of the wire (1 with the resistance-coil I, which in turn is connected by the wire 1' with the shank of the screw-cup 15, all as shown in Fig. 2.

The operation of my invention, as thus far described, is as follows: The screw-cups E and G being connected by suitable wires to a battery or other electric generator, with the switch-lever m in the position shown in Fig. 2, the current of electricity will pass from the screw-cup Gr through the wire 1, spring F, bracket 7:, wiresj and j, springs g and g, the pin 0, and the wire I), to the carbon 0, and thence along the wire I), through the ring d, the springs f and f, wires 2' and i, to the screw-cup E, and thence to the battery or magneto-generator. The circuit being complete and all the parts in the positions shown, the passage of the current of electricity over the carbon a will cause a bright white light to be given offtherel'rom. lt', now,the globe A,with the socket 13, be removed from the stand (1, the circuit will be broken and the light will be extinguished, and all other lights in the same line will also be extinguished; but if, before removing the globe and socket, the switch-button H. is turned about its axistill the end of the switchplate at forces the spring F away from contact with the bracket is, as indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 2, the current ofelectricity will pass from the battery to the screw-cup Gr, thence through the wire I, spring F, switch-plate m, socketp, wire q, resistance-coil I, and wirer, to the screwcup I), and thence over the main line and back to the battery, and the circuit will thus remain unbroken, and all other lights in the same line will be unaffected by the removal of the lamp. This arrangement would work well in certain cases where all the lamps in the circuit were under the control of a single party, but does not provide for the accidental breakage, the burning out, or other inoperativeness of the carbon; and to meet this difliculty I secure to the stand 0, within the recess 0 the electromagnet J, provided with the'armature a, hinged I at one end to the bracket 8, and adapted to hear at its other end against the bracket t, against which it is pressed by the tension of the spring 8 The brackets is connected by the wire 25 to the bracket k and by the wire it to the coils of the magnet J, the wire of which coils is connected at its other end to the wirej, before described as being connected to the bracket 7.7. The parts being in the positions shown, and the circuit being completed, the current will pass from the battery to the screweap G, and thence through the wire 1, spring F, bracket 7;, and wire t, to the bracket 8, where the current is at first divided, a portion passing through the armature} and another portion through the wire t to and through the coils of the magnet J, this latter portion being sufficient to magnetize the cores of said magnet to such a degree that they will attract the armature 8, thus breaking its contact with the bracket 1;, when the whole of the current will pass through the coils ofthe magnetand thence through the wiresj andj, springsg and g, the pin 0, and the wire 11, to the carbon a, and thence along the wire I), through the ring (I, the springsfandf, wires i and i, to the screwcup E, and thence to the starting-point; but if the carbon a should become broken, or the globe A and socket B are removed, so as to break the circuit in its passage through the lamp, the armature a would be immediately drawn away from the magnet by the spring s till its movable end is brought in contact with the bracket if, when the circuit is again conipleted, with the injured lamp cutout, and all the other lamps in the circuit will continue to give otf light as though nothing had happened, the current passing from the bracket 3, th rough the armature a, to the bracket t, and thence over the wire a, to and through the resistancecoil I, through the wire 4', to the screw-cuplfi, and thence to the starting-point.

Whenever it is desired to extinguish thelight of any lamp in the circuit without removing the globe from its stand, and without extinguishing the lights of any other lamps in the circuit, it is only necessary to turn the switchbutton 11 till the switch-plate m forces the spring F away from the bracket 7:, as indicated in dotted lines, when the current will pass from the screw-cup G, through wire l, spring F, switch m E, socketp, wire q, resistance-coil I, and the wire 'r, to the screw-cup E, as before described.

The advantages of using my improved construction of electric lamps are, that in case of accident to any lamp in a circuit containing more than one, the circuit is maintained unbroken, and the other lamps in the circuit are unaffected by said accident; also, that the injured lamp can be removed and a perfect one put in its place in a very few seconds, even in the dark, without the necessity of calling in a skilled workman to make the connections; and also that any one of a series of lamps in the same circuit can be extinguished and relighted IIO IIS

at the pleasure of the party controlling the same, without interfering in the least with any other lamp in the circuit.

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is-- The globe A, mounted in the socket B, in combination with the carbon to contained in said globe, the wires b and b, connected at one end to said carbon, the metallic ring (1, connected to the other end of the wire b, the pin e, connected to the wire I), the stand 0, provided with one or more springs, f f, and one or more springs, g g, and the wires t t" and jj", all ar ranged and adapted to operate substantially as and for the purposes described.

Executed at Newport, Rhode Island, this 2d day of April, A. D. 1881.

MOSES GERRISH FARMER.

Witnesses:

SARAH J. FARMER, DARIUs BAKER. 

